LinsegrExpsegr.csd Written by Iain McCurdy 2006. Updated 2011. -odac -Ma -dm0 sr = 44100 ;SAMPLE RATE ksmps = 4 ;NUMBER OF AUDIO SAMPLES IN EACH CONTROL CYCLE nchnls = 1 ;NUMBER OF CHANNELS (1=MONO) 0dbfs = 1 ;MAXIMUM AMPLITUDE ;FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; FLcolor 255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 0 FLpanel "linsegr/expsegr", 500, 160, 0, 0 ;DISPLAY FLTK VALUES WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y idIniLev FLvalue "", 60, 20, 5, 60 idAttTim FLvalue "", 60, 20, 70, 60 idAttLev FLvalue "", 60, 20, 135, 60 idDecTim FLvalue "", 60, 20, 200, 60 idSusLev FLvalue "", 60, 20, 265, 60 idRelTim FLvalue "", 60, 20, 330, 60 idRelLev FLvalue "", 60, 20, 395, 60 ;KNOBS MIN | MAX | EXP| TYPE | DISP | WIDTH | X | Y gkIniLev,ihIniLev FLknob "Ini.Lev.", 0, 1, 0, 1, idIniLev, 40, 5+10, 5 gkAttTim,ihAttTim FLknob "Att.Tim.", 0.001, 8, 0, 1, idAttTim, 40, 70+10, 5 ;ENVELOPE SEGMENT TIMES OF ZERO COULD CAUSE CLICKS WHEN USED AS AMPLITUDE ENVELOPE SEGMENTS gkAttLev,ihAttLev FLknob "Att.Lev.", 0, 1, 0, 1, idAttLev, 40, 135+10, 5 gkDecTim,ihDecTim FLknob "Dec.Tim.", 0.001, 8, 0, 1, idDecTim, 40, 200+10, 5 gkSusLev,ihSusLev FLknob "Sus.Lev.", 0, 1, 0, 1, idSusLev, 40, 265+10, 5 gkRelTim,ihRelTim FLknob "Rel.Tim.", 0.001, 8, 0, 1, idRelTim, 40, 330+10, 5 gkRelLev,ihRelLev FLknob "Rel.Lev.", 0, 1, 0, 1, idRelLev, 40, 395+10, 5 ;GENERAL_TEXT_SETTINGS SIZE | FONT | ALIGN | RED | GREEN | BLUE FLlabel 13, 4, 1, 255, 255, 255 ;BUTTON BANKS TYPE | NUMX | NUMY | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y | OPCODE | INS | STARTTIM | DUR gkEnvType, ihEnvType FLbutBank 14, 1, 2, 18, 40, 10, 101, -1 ;GENERAL_TEXT_SETTINGS SIZE | FONT | ALIGN | RED | GREEN | BLUE FLlabel 13, 1, 3, 0, 0, 0 ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox "linsegr", 1, 1, 14, 50, 20, 30, 100 ih FLbox "expsegr", 1, 1, 14, 50, 20, 30, 120 ;INITIALISE VALUATORS VALUE | HANDLE FLsetVal_i 0, ihIniLev FLsetVal_i 0.3, ihAttTim FLsetVal_i 1, ihAttLev FLsetVal_i 0.3, ihDecTim FLsetVal_i 0.5, ihSusLev FLsetVal_i 2, ihRelTim FLsetVal_i 0, ihRelLev FLpanel_end ;END OF PANEL CONTENTS ;INSTRUCTIONS AND INFO PANEL WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y FLpanel "info", 515, 600, 515, 0 FLscroll 515, 600, 0, 0 ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox " linsegr / expsegr - envelopes with MIDI release stages ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 0 ih FLbox "-------------------------------------------------------------", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 20 ih FLbox "We can still use the traditional envelope generating opcodes ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 40 ih FLbox "line/expon/linseg/expseg in MIDI activated instruments but ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 60 ih FLbox "the common practise of employing p3 (note duration) within ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 80 ih FLbox "the formation of an envelope in order to make the envelope's ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 100 ih FLbox "shape dependent upon note duration in some way will not be ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 120 ih FLbox "possible as Csound will not know note duration until the MIDI", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 140 ih FLbox "key is lifted and a note-off received. In actual fact p3 will", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 160 ih FLbox "have a value of '-1' to indicate a held note. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 180 ih FLbox "The opcodes 'linsegr' (for straight line segments) and ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 200 ih FLbox "'expsegr' (for exponential segments) will hold their ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 220 ih FLbox "penultimate break-point value until a MIDI note off is ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 240 ih FLbox "received at which point the final segment will proceed. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 260 ih FLbox "The final three arguments in a linsegr/expsegr can, from the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 280 ih FLbox "perspective of a playable instrument, be regarded as ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 300 ih FLbox "'sustain time', 'release time' and 'release level'. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 320 ih FLbox "As with expon and expseg, when using expsegr, break point ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 340 ih FLbox "values of zero are illegal and must be alike in sign. Values ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 360 ih FLbox "close to zero can be used instead and this DC offset can be ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 380 ih FLbox "removed subsequently using subtraction if required. (transegr", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 400 ih FLbox "has no such restrictions.) ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 420 ih FLbox "The maximum allowed value for the release time is 32768/kr. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 440 ih FLbox "Exceeding this limit will cause the envelope to not function ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 460 ih FLbox "properly. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 480 ih FLbox "In this example an ADSR envelope is created with all levels ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 500 ih FLbox "and durations for the envelope available for editing. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 520 ih FLbox "The abbreviations are for: ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 540 ih FLbox "- Initial Level ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 560 ih FLbox "- Attack Time ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 580 ih FLbox "- Attack Level ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 600 ih FLbox "- Decay Time ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 620 ih FLbox "- Sustain Level ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 640 ih FLbox "- Release Time ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 660 ih FLbox "- Release Level ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 680 ih FLbox "This envelope is used to control amplitude so 'Initial Level'", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 700 ih FLbox "and 'Release Level' should probably remain at zero to prevent", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 720 ih FLbox "audio clicks. Time durations of zero are prevented for the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 740 ih FLbox "same reason. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 760 ih FLbox "The user can swap between 'linsegr' and 'expsegr' as the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 780 ih FLbox "envelope generator for comparison. In the case of an ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 800 ih FLbox "amplitude envelope, 'expsegr' will probably give more natural", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 820 ih FLbox "sounding results. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 840 ih FLbox "Other envelope generating opcodes with MIDI release sensing ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 860 ih FLbox "include 'transegr', 'linenr' and 'madsr'. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 880 FLscroll_end FLpanel_end FLrun ;RUN THE FLTK WIDGET THREAD ;END OF FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; giwave ftgen 0,0,4096,10,1,1/4,1/9,1/16,1/25,1/36,1/49,1/64,1/81 ;A RICH WAVEFORM instr 1 ; SIMPLE INSTRUMENT ACTIVATED VIA A CONNECTED MIDI KEYBOARD icps cpsmidi ;READ IN MIDI NOTE NUMBER AND CONVERT TO CYCLES PER SECOND VALUE iamp ampmidi 0.2 ;READ IN MIDI VELOCITY. RESCALE TO THE RANGE 0 - 0.2 aLinEnv linsegr i(gkIniLev), i(gkAttTim),i(gkAttLev), i(gkDecTim),i(gkSusLev), i(gkRelTim),i(gkRelLev) aExpEnv expsegr i(gkIniLev)+0.001,i(gkAttTim),i(gkAttLev)+0.001,i(gkDecTim),i(gkSusLev)+0.001,i(gkRelTim),i(gkRelLev)+0.001 ;BREAK POINT VALUES OF ZERO ARE NOT PERMITTED WITH expsegr SO AN OFFSET IS ADDED TO EACH VALUE IN CASE ITS CORRESPONDING FLTK KNOB IS SET TO ZERO if gkEnvType=0 then ;IF linsegr TYPE IS CHOSEN FROM THE FLTK BUTTON BANK... aenv = aLinEnv ;...aenv ADOPTS THE SHAPE OF ENVELOPE aLinEnv else ;OTHERWISE (I.E. expsegr TYPE HAS BEEN CHOSEN) aenv = aExpEnv ;...aenv ADOPTS THE SHAPE OF ENVELOPE aExpEnv endif ;END OF CONDITIONAL BRANCH ;OUTPUT OPCODE AMPLITUDE | FREQUENCY | FUNCTION_TABLE asig poscil iamp*aenv, icps, giwave out asig ;SEND AUDIO OUTPUT OF OSCILLATOR TO THE OUTPUT endin f 0 600 ; THIS LINE FUNCTIONS AS A DUMMY SCORE EVENT AND ALLOWS REALTIME MIDI PLAYING FOR 10 MINUTES