MonoOverlaps.csd Written by Iain McCurdy 2008 ;UNCOMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE OF CODE IF YOU DO NOT HAVE A MIDI KEYBOARD CONNECTED ;-odevaudio -b400 -M0 -+rtmidi=virtual ;UNCOMMENT THE FOLLOWING LINE OF CODE IF YOU HAVE A MIDI KEYBOARD CONNECTED -odac -dm0 -Ma sr = 44100 ksmps = 8 nchnls = 1 0dbfs = 1 ;MAXIMUM AMPLITUDE REGARDLESS OF BIT DEPTH FLpanel " ", 500, 225, 0, 0 ; ON | OFF | TYPE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y | OPCODE | INS | STARTTIM | IDUR gkExit,ihExit FLbutton "Exit", 1, 0, 21, 100, 25, 400, 200, 0, 999, 0, 0.001 ;VALUE DISPLAY BOXES WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y idatt FLvalue " ", 60, 20, 5, 25 iddec FLvalue " ", 60, 20, 5, 75 idsus FLvalue " ", 60, 20, 5, 125 idrel FLvalue " ", 60, 20, 5, 175 ; MIN | MAX | EXP | TYPE | DISP | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y gkatt, ihatt FLslider "Attack Time", 0.01, 2, -1, 23, idatt, 490, 25, 5, 0 gkdec, ihdec FLslider "Decay Time", 0.01, 8, -1, 23, iddec, 490, 25, 5, 50 gksus, ihsus FLslider "Sustain Level", 0, 1, 0, 23, idsus, 490, 25, 5, 100 ;SUSTAIN LEVEL CANNOT BE ZERO FOR mxadsr OPCODE gkrel, ihrel FLslider "Release Time", 0.01, 2, -1, 23, idrel, 490, 25, 5, 150 FLsetVal_i 0.1, ihatt FLsetVal_i 4, ihdec FLsetVal_i 0.6, ihsus FLsetVal_i 0.3, ihrel FLpanel_end ;END OF PANEL CONTENTS ;INSTRUCTIONS AND INFO PANEL FLpanel " ", 500, 460, 512, 0 ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox " Monophonic Instrument with Overlapping Note Releases ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 0 ih FLbox "-------------------------------------------------------------", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 20 ih FLbox "This example demonstrates how to design a monophonic ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 40 ih FLbox "instrument that allows the release portion of the envelope ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 60 ih FLbox "of the previous note to complete whilst a new note begins. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 80 ih FLbox "This method prevents clicks that can result from more basic ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 100 ih FLbox "designs for monophonic instruments. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 120 ih FLbox "Studying the code, you will see that there are actually two ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 140 ih FLbox "separate but identical sound generating instruments (instrs 2", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 160 ih FLbox "and 3). As notes are played on a keyboard instr 1 alternately", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 180 ih FLbox "directs this note activity to instr 2 and 3. If instr 2 is ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 200 ih FLbox "triggered, instr 3 is stopped (but allowed to release) and ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 220 ih FLbox "vice versa. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 240 ih FLbox "This technique could be expanded to implement polyphony ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 260 ih FLbox "limitation beyond monophonic. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 280 ih FLbox "There are controls for an ADSR envelope that is applied to ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 300 ih FLbox "audio oscillators. The mxadsr opcode is used to implement the", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 320 ih FLbox "envelope in this example. With this opcode, envelope segments", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 340 ih FLbox "are exponential and the envelope waits for a MIDI note-off ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 360 ih FLbox "before entering its release stage. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 380 ih FLbox "This example requires input from an external MIDI keyboard ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 400 ih FLbox "but with a small change to the part of the code ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 420 ih FLbox "can also be driven by Csound's virtual MIDI keyboard. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 440 FLpanel_end FLrun ;RUN THE WIDGET THREAD! giwaveform ftgen 0,0,4096,10,1,0.5,0.25,0.125,0.0625 ;A RICH HARMONIC WAVEFORM gkvoice init 1 ;GLOBAL VARIABLE USED TO DEFINE WHETHER VOICE 1 OR VOICE 2 IS CURRENT instr 1 ; NOTE TRIGGERING INSTRUMENT icps cpsmidi ;READ CYCLES PER SECOND VALUES FROM MIDI KEYBOARD INPUT asig subinstr i(gkvoice)+1 , icps ;CALL SOUND GENERATING INSTRUMENT AS A SUB-INSTRUMENT out asig ;SEND AUDIO TO OUTPUT endin instr 2,3 ;SOUND GENERATING INSTRUMENTS gkvoice init (i(gkvoice)=1?2:1) ;FLIP VOICE ALLOCATION AT INIT TIME if gkvoice=p1-1 then ;IF THE OTHER VOICE IS NOW PLAYING... turnoff ;...TURN THIS INSTRUMENT OFF (ENVELOPE RELEASE STAGE WILL BE ALLOWED TO COMPLETE) endif ;END OF CONDITIONAL BRANCHING ; ATT | DEC | SUS | REL aenv madsr i(gkatt), i(gkdec), i(gksus), i(gkrel) ;MIDI SENSING ADSR ENVELOPE WITH EXPONENTIALLY SHAPED SEGMENTS ;OUTPUT OPCODE AMP CPS FUNCTION_TABLE asig oscili 0.1*aenv, p4, giwaveform ;AUDIO OSCILLATOR out asig ;SEND AUDIO BACK TO INSTR 1 endin instr 999 ;QUIT exitnow ;EXIT CSOUND IMMEDIATELY endin f 0 3600 ;DUMMY SCORE EVENT - ALLOWS REAL-TIME PLAYING FOR 1 HOUR