; PrePiano.csd ; Example written by Iain McCurdy ; Updated 2015 -odac --midi-key-cps=4 -dm0 -M0 -+rtmidi=virtual ; -M8 sr = 44100 ;SAMPLE RATE ksmps = 32 ;NUMBER OF AUDIO SAMPLES IN EACH CONTROL CYCLE nchnls = 2 ;NUMBER OF CHANNELS (2=STEREO) 0dbfs = 1 ;FULLL SCALE AMPLITUDE massign 0,1 ;FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; FLcolor 255, 255, 240, 0, 0, 0 ; LABEL | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y FLpanel "prepiano", 1000, 710, 5, 5 ;BORDERS TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox " ", 8, 9, 15, 490, 120, 505, 25 ;RATTLE 1 ih FLbox " ", 8, 9, 15, 490, 120, 505, 170 ;RUBBER 1 ih FLbox " ", 8, 9, 15, 240, 120, 505, 315 ;BOUNDARY CONDITION L ih FLbox " ", 8, 9, 15, 240, 120, 755, 315 ;BOUNDARY CONDITION R ;BORDERS TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ihtitle FLbox "Physical model of a Cageian prepared piano. Algorithm written by Stefan Bilbao. Opcode ported for Csound by John ffitch. Example written by Iain McCurdy.", 8, 2, 24, 490, 200, 505, 500 ;TITLE ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox "Rattle 1", 1, 4, 14, 70, 10, 510, 35 ih FLbox "Rubber 1", 1, 4, 14, 70, 10, 510, 180 ih FLbox "Boundary Condition L", 1, 4, 14, 150, 10, 510, 325 ih FLbox "Boundary Condition R", 1, 4, 14, 150, 10, 760, 325 ih FLbox "Clamped ", 1, 2, 11, 50, 10, 560, 358 ih FLbox "Pivoting", 1, 2, 11, 50, 10, 560, 383 ih FLbox "Free ", 1, 2, 11, 50, 10, 560, 408 ih FLbox "Clamped ", 1, 2, 11, 50, 10, 810, 358 ih FLbox "Pivoting", 1, 2, 11, 50, 10, 810, 383 ih FLbox "Free ", 1, 2, 11, 50, 10, 810, 408 ;BUTTONS ON | OFF | TYPE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y | OPCODE | INS | STARTTIM | DUR gkOnOff,ihOnOff FLbutton "Note On/Off(MIDI)", 1, 0, 22, 140, 30, 25, 10, -1 gkrattle1,ihrattle1 FLbutton "On/Off", 1, 0, 4, 60, 30, 525, 60, -1 gkrubber1,ihrubber1 FLbutton "On/Off", 1, 0, 4, 60, 30, 525, 205, -1 FLsetColor2 255, 255, 50, ihOnOff ;SET SECONDARY COLOUR TO YELLOW ;VALUE DISPLAY BOXES LABEL | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y idfreqS FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 50 idD FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 100 idK FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 150 idT30 FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 200 idB FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 250 idmass FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 300 idfreqH FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 350 idinit FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 400 idpos FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 450 idvel FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 500 idsfreq FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 550 idsspread FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 600 idOutGain FLvalue " ", 50, 20, 25, 650 ;TEXT BOX INPUT MIN | MAX | STEP | TYPE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y gkposRat1, ihposRat1 FLtext "Position", 0, 1, 0.0001, 1, 50, 25, 610, 60 ; strictly greater than 0 less than 1 gkMDRRat1, ihMDRRat1 FLtext "Mass Density Ratio", 0, 10000, 0.1, 1, 50, 25, 680, 60 gkFrqRat1, ihFrqRat1 FLtext "Frequency", 0.1,1000, 0.1, 1, 50, 25, 750, 60 gkLenRat1, ihLenRat1 FLtext "Length", 0, 1, 0.001, 1, 50, 25, 820, 60 gkposRub1, ihposRub1 FLtext "Position", 0, 1, 0.0001, 1, 50, 25, 610, 205 gkMDRRub1, ihMDRRub1 FLtext "Mass Density Ratio", 0, 10000, 0.1, 1, 50, 25, 680, 205 gkFrqRub1, ihFrqRub1 FLtext "Frequency", 0, 1000, 1, 1, 50, 25, 750, 205 gkLosRub1, ihLosRub1 FLtext "Loss", 0, 10000, 0.1, 1, 50, 25, 820, 205 ; values less than 1 will result in feedback and continuous sound ;SET INITIAL VALUES VALUE | HANDLE FLsetVal_i 1, ihrattle1 FLsetVal_i 0.6, ihposRat1 FLsetVal_i 1000, ihMDRRat1 FLsetVal_i 30, ihFrqRat1 FLsetVal_i 0.001, ihLenRat1 FLsetVal_i 1, ihrubber1 FLsetVal_i 0.7, ihposRub1 FLsetVal_i 1000, ihMDRRub1 FLsetVal_i 40, ihFrqRub1 FLsetVal_i 1000, ihLosRub1 ;SLIDERS MIN | MAX | EXP | TYPE | DISP | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y gkMuteThresh, ihMuteThresh FLslider "Mute Thresh.", 0.1, 1, 0, 3, -1, 100, 15, 170, 10 gkmute, gihmute FLslider "MUTE", 0, 1, 0, 2, -1, 30, 20, 275, 10 FLsetColor2 255, 0, 0, gihmute FLsetTextSize 10, gihmute gkreinit, gihreinit FLslider "REINIT.", 0, 1, 0, 2, -1, 30, 20, 315, 10 FLsetColor2 255, 0, 0, gihreinit FLsetTextSize 10, gihreinit gkfreqS, ihfreqS FLslider "String Frequency (i-rate)", 20, 10000, -1, 23, idfreqS, 400, 20, 75, 50 gkD, ihD FLslider "Detuning (i-rate)", 0, 5000, 0, 23, idD, 400, 20, 75, 100 gkK, ihK FLslider "Stiffness (i-rate)", 1, 1000, -1, 23, idK, 400, 20, 75, 150 gkT30, ihT30 FLslider "30 dB Decay time (i-rate)", .1, 30, 0, 23, idT30, 400, 20, 75, 200 gkB, ihB FLslider "High Frequency Loss (i-rate)", 0.0001, 1, 0, 23, idB, 400, 20, 75, 250 gkmass, ihmass FLslider "Hammer Mass (i-rate)", 0.0001, 10, 0, 23, idmass, 400, 20, 75, 300 gkfreqH, ihfreqH FLslider "Hammer Frequency (i-rate)", 20, 40000, -1, 23, idfreqH, 400, 20, 75, 350 gkinit, ihinit FLslider "Hammer Initial Position (i-rate)", 0, 0.5, 0, 23, idinit, 400, 20, 75, 400 gkpos, ihpos FLslider "Hammer Position Along String (i-rate)",.004, .996, 0, 23, idpos, 400, 20, 75, 450 gkvel, ihvel FLslider "Normalised String Velocity (i-rate)", 0, 100, 0, 23, idvel, 400, 20, 75, 500 gksfreq, ihsfreq FLslider "Scanning Frequency (i-rate)", 0, 100, 0, 23, idsfreq, 400, 20, 75, 550 gksspread, ihsspread FLslider "Scanning Frequency Spread (i-rate)", 0, 1, 0, 23, idsspread, 400, 20, 75, 600 gkOutGain, ihOutGain FLslider "Output Gain", 0, 1, 0, 23, idOutGain, 400, 20, 75, 650 ;COUNTERS MIN | MAX | STEP1 | STEP2 | TYPE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y | OPCODE gkNS, ihNS FLcount "Number of Strings", 1, 50, 1, 1, 2, 120, 20, 355, 10, -1 FLcolor2 255, 255, 50 ;SET SECONDARY COLOUR TO YELLOW ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;BOUNDARY CONDITIONS;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;GENERAL_TEXT_SETTINGS isize, ifont, ialign, ired, igreen, iblue FLlabel 13, 1, 1, 255, 255, 240 ;NUMBERS MADE INVISIBLE ; FLBUTBANK TYPE | NUMX | NUMY | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y | IOPCODE | P1 | P2 | P3 gkbcL, ihbcL FLbutBank 12, 1, 3, 25, 75, 525, 350, -1 ;-1 = OPCODE FUNCTION NOT USED gkbcR, ihbcR FLbutBank 12, 1, 3, 25, 75, 775, 350, -1 ;-1 = OPCODE FUNCTION NOT USED ;GENERAL_TEXT_SETTINGS isize, ifont, ialign, ired, igreen, iblue FLlabel 13, 5, 4, 0, 0, 0 ;LABELS MADE VISIBLE AGAIN ;SET INITIAL VALUES OF FLTK VALUATORS ; VALUE | HANDLE FLsetVal_i 100, ihfreqS FLsetVal_i 3, ihNS FLsetVal_i 0, ihD FLsetVal_i 1, ihK FLsetVal_i 12, ihT30 FLsetVal_i 0.002, ihB FLsetVal_i 0, ihbcL FLsetVal_i 0, ihbcR FLsetVal_i 1, ihmass FLsetVal_i 10000, ihfreqH FLsetVal_i -0.01, ihinit FLsetVal_i 0.09, ihpos FLsetVal_i 50, ihvel FLsetVal_i 0, ihsfreq FLsetVal_i 0.1, ihsspread FLsetVal_i 0.75, ihOutGain FLsetVal_i 0.9, ihMuteThresh FLpanel_end FLcolor2 255, 255, 240 ;INSTRUCTIONS AND INFO PANEL ; WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y FLpanel " ", 515, 700, 900,10 FLscroll 515, 700, 0, 0 ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox " prepiano ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 0 ih FLbox "-------------------------------------------------------------", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 20 ih FLbox "The prepiano opcode implements a physical model of a Cageian ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 40 ih FLbox "prepared piano. The user has control of the base frequency of", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 60 ih FLbox "a string (or group of strings), the number of strings beneath", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 80 ih FLbox "the hammer, the amount of detuning between a group of ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 100 ih FLbox "strings, the stiffness of the strings, the time for a note to", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 120 ih FLbox "decay by 30 dB, the amount of high frequency damping that ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 140 ih FLbox "occurs during a note's decay, the mass of the hammer, the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 160 ih FLbox "frequency of the hammer's natural vibrations, the location ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 180 ih FLbox "along the string's length at which the hammer strikes and the", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 200 ih FLbox "velocity of the hammer as it moves to strike the string. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 220 ih FLbox "The user can choose the method of restraint applied to the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 240 ih FLbox "string independently for its left and right extremities. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 260 ih FLbox "Choosing 'clamped' reflects the normal method of binding a ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 280 ih FLbox "piano string, 'pivoting' reflects the method used to bind a ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 300 ih FLbox "note on a marimba and 'free' means that the string extremity ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 320 ih FLbox "is not bound at all. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 340 ih FLbox "To imbue the sound with some movement the author has ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 360 ih FLbox "imagined the sound being received by a pick-up that moves to ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 380 ih FLbox "and fro along the length of the string. 'Scanning Spread' ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 400 ih FLbox "controls the amplitude of this movement and 'Scanning ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 420 ih FLbox "Frequency' controls the frequency of this movement. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 440 ih FLbox "The methods of Cageian piano preparation that are implemented", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 460 ih FLbox "in this opcode are the addition of hard objects that vibrate ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 480 ih FLbox "in sympathy with the string but are not firmly attached to ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 500 ih FLbox "it rattles and soft objects that damp the string (rubbers). ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 520 ih FLbox "For rattles the user is able to define its position along the", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 540 ih FLbox "string, the mass/density ratio between rattle and string, its", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 560 ih FLbox "frequency and its length. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 580 ih FLbox "For rubbers the user can define position, mass/density ratio,", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 600 ih FLbox "frequency and loss. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 620 ih FLbox "By using function tables for the definition of rubbers and ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 640 ih FLbox "rattles it is possible to have any amount of them applied to ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 660 ih FLbox "the same string. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 680 ih FLbox "As with many physical models we have the opportunity to ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 700 ih FLbox "specify conditions that would not be possible in the real ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 720 ih FLbox "world, for this reason it is easily to produce mathematical ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 740 ih FLbox "procedures that quickly 'blow up' and produce extremely loud ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 760 ih FLbox "and distorted sounds. Approach parameter changes with caution", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 780 ih FLbox "and protect your ears and speakers. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 800 ih FLbox "This example includes a safety cutout mechanism so that if ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 820 ih FLbox "the audio signal output by the opcode does explode suddenly, ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 840 ih FLbox "the signal will be instantly muted and will only be unmuted ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 860 ih FLbox "when the signal amplitude returns to normal. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 880 ih FLbox "This example can also be played from a MIDI keyboard in which", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 900 ih FLbox "case 'String Frequency' will adopt the value of the MIDI key.", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 920 ih FLbox " ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 940 ih FLbox "Hints ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 960 ih FLbox "----- ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 980 ih FLbox "prepiano has a tendency to build and build in amplitude and ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1000 ih FLbox "ultimately overload in an exponential fashion on of account ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1020 ih FLbox "of feedback loops within the algorithm. This tendency can be ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1040 ih FLbox "aggravated when using rubbers and rattles but certain trends ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1060 ih FLbox "can still be identified. Lower notes Ilower 'String ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1080 ih FLbox "Frequency' become more likely to explode. The use of ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1100 ih FLbox "'Detuning' away from '1' will also increase the likelihood of", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1120 ih FLbox "explosion. Higher 'Mass Density Ratios' in the rattles and ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1140 ih FLbox "rubbers will generally increase the speed of feedback build- ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1160 ih FLbox "up but not necessarily the likelihood. Moving rattles and ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1180 ih FLbox "rubbers away from the central location of a string/strings ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1200 ih FLbox "to either end (close to zero or close to 1) will suppress ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1220 ih FLbox "build-up. The best control over unrestrained build-up is the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1240 ih FLbox "'30 dB Decay' control. Increase of 'High Frequency Loss' will", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1260 ih FLbox "also suppress feedback but if '30 dB Decay' is large then a ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1280 ih FLbox "low frequency feedback can still intrude. Despite all these ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1300 ih FLbox "warnings of the algorithm feeding back, controlled sustained ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1320 ih FLbox "textures that can sound quite interesting can with care still", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1340 ih FLbox "be achieved. Perhaps a wise approach is to explore the opcode", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1360 ih FLbox "without rattles or rubbers and first gain an understanding of", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1380 ih FLbox "its basic control paramters. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5,1400 ih FLbox "", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 920 ih FLbox "", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 920 ih FLbox "", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 920 ih FLbox "", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 920 ih FLbox "", 1, 5, 14, 490, 20, 5, 920 FLscrollEnd FLpanel_end FLrun ;RUN THE FLTK WIDGET THREAD ;END OF FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ; COUNT | POSITION | MASS DENSITY RATIO OF RATTLE/STRING | FREQUENCY OF RATTLE | VERTICAL LENGTH OF THE RATTLE/ RUBBER LOSS girattles ftgen 1, 0, 8, -2, 1, 0.6, 10, 100, 0.001 girubbers ftgen 2, 0, 8, -2, 1, 0.7, 50, 500, 1000 instr 2 kOnTrig trigger gkOnOff,0.5,0 kOffTrig trigger gkOnOff,0.5,1 if kOnTrig==1 then event "i",1,0,3600,gkfreqS endif endin instr 1 ;SOUND PRODUCING INSTRUMENT imidiflag init 0 mididefault 1, imidiflag if gkOnOff==0&&imidiflag=0 then turnoff endif ifreqS = p4 kreinit changed gkD, gkK, gkT30, gkB-0.0001, gkmass, gkfreqH, gkinit, gkpos, gkvel, gksfreq, gksspread, gkNS, gkrattle1, gkposRat1, gkMDRRat1, gkFrqRat1, gkLenRat1, gkrubber1, gkposRub1, gkMDRRub1, gkFrqRub1, gkLosRub1 ktrig changed kreinit ktrig2 delayk ktrig,0.05 ktrig samphold ktrig,ktrig+ktrig2 FLsetVal ktrig+ktrig2, ktrig, gihreinit if kreinit==1 then reinit RESTART_PREPIANO endif RESTART_PREPIANO: ; COUNT | POSITION | MASS DENSITY RATIO OF RATTLE/STRING | FREQUENCY OF RATTLE | VERTICAL LENGTH OF THE RATTLE/ RUBBER LOSS girattles ftgen 1, 0, 8, -2, i(gkrattle1), i(gkposRat1), i(gkMDRRat1), i(gkFrqRat1), i(gkLenRat1) girubbers ftgen 2, 0, 8, -2, i(gkrubber1), i(gkposRub1), i(gkMDRRub1), i(gkFrqRub1), i(gkLosRub1) ;OUTPUTS OPCODE BASE-FREQ | NUM_OF_STRINGS | DETUNING | STIFFNESS | 30 DB DECAY TIME | HIGH_FREQUENCY_LOSS | LEFT_BOUNDARY_CONDITION | RIGHT_BOUNDARY_CONDITION | HAMMER_MASS | HAMMER_FREQUENCY | HAMMER_INITIAL_POSITION | POSITION_ALONG_STRING | HAMMER_VELOCITY | SCANNING_FREQ | SCANNING_FREQ_SPREAD | RATTLES_FUNCTION_TABLE | RUBBERS_FUNCTION_TABLE al,ar prepiano ifreqS, i(gkNS), i(gkD), i(gkK), i(gkT30), i(gkB), i(gkbcL)+1, i(gkbcR)+1, i(gkmass), i(gkfreqH), i(gkinit), i(gkpos), i(gkvel), i(gksfreq), i(gksspread), girattles, girubbers aenv linsegr 1,0.1,0 ; EMERGENCY GATE - CUTS AUDIO OUT COMPLETELY IF prepiano STARTS TO EXPLODE ON ACCOUNT OF A PARTICULAR COMBINATION OF INPUT PARAMETERS krms rms al ; scan RMS of left channel kgate = krms>i(gkMuteThresh)?0:1 ; gate 'on' or 'off' (1 or zero) depending on rms value agate interp kgate ; interpolate to a-rate. agate will ramp from 1 to zero (or vice versa) across the duration of ksmps. This will be a bit smoother and less 'clicky' than a simple zero to 1 switch (i.e. if using 'upsamp') ktrig changed kgate ; trigger for updating FLTK indicator krel release ; sense release FLsetVal ktrig,1-kgate,gihmute ; update FLTK indicator (FLslider) if krel==1 then ; always deactivate indicator when note is released FLsetVal k(1),k(0),gihmute ; update FLTK indicator (FLslider) endif al = al * gkOutGain * aenv * agate ar = ar * gkOutGain * aenv * agate outs al,ar endin i 2 0 3600