;Written by Iain McCurdy, 2006 ;DEMONSTRATION OF THE wgbow OPCODE. THIS IS A PHYSICALLY MODELLED BOWED STRING INSTRUMENT BASED ON WORK BY PERRY COOK ;kamp - AMPLITUDE ;kfreq - THE FUNDEMENTAL OF THE TONE PRODUCED ;kpres - PRESSURE OF THE BOW UPON THE STRING ; THE OPCODE AUTHOR, JOHN FFITCH, SUGGESTS THAT WE CHOOSE VALUES WITHIN THE RANGE 1 to 5 ; HE ALSO SUGGESTS THAT A VALUE OF 3 REFLECTS NORMAL PLAYING PRESSURE ;krat - POSITION OF THE BOW ALONG THE LENGTH OF THE STRING ; THE OPCODE AUTHOR SUGGESTS THAT WE CHOOSE VALUES WITHIN THE RANGE .025 to 0.23 ; HE ALSO SUGGESTS THAT A VALUE OF .127236 REFLECTS A NORMAL BOWING POSITION ; STRING EFFECTS SUCH AS 'SUL PONTICELLO' (AT THE BRIDGE) AND 'FLAUTANDO' (OVER THE NECK) CAN BE IMITATED USING THIS PARAMETER ; A VALUE OF .025 REFLECTS A 'SUL PONTICELLO' STYLE OF PLAYING AND PRODUCES A THINNER TONE ; A VALUE OF .23 REFLECTS A 'FLAUTANDO' STYLE OF PLAYING AND PRODUCES A FLUTE-LIKE TONE ; THESE SUGGESTED SETTINGS FOR krat ARE BASED UPON A CONVENTIONAL PLAYING TECHNIQUE OF A BOWED INSTRUMENT. ; IF VALUES ARE CHOSEN BEYOND THESE LIMITS OTHER UNCONVENTIONAL SOUNDS ARE POSSIBLE. ; 0 = THE STRING BEING BOWED AT THE NUT (NECK), 1 = THE STRING BEING BOWED AT THE BRIDGE ; IN ACTUALITY VALUES OF 0 AND 1 WILL PRODUCE SILENCE ; VALUES CLOSE TO ZERO OR CLOSE TO 1 WILL PRODUCE A THIN, HARD SOUND (BOWED NEAR THE NECK END OR NEAR THE BRIDGE) ; A VALUE OF .5 WILL PRODUCE A SOFT FLUTEY SOUND (STRING BOWED HALFWAY ALONG ITS LENGTH) ;kvibf/kvibamp - THIS OPCODE IMPLEMENTS VIBRATO THAT GOES BEYOND JUST FREQUENCY MODULATION AND INCLUDES MODULATION ; -UPON SEVERAL OTHER ASPECTS OF THE SOUND INCLUDING AMPLITUDE MODULATION ; A USEFUL RANGE FOR kvibamp (AMPLITUDE OF VIBRATO) IS 0-.1 WHERE 0=NO VIBRATO AND .1=A LOT OF VIBRATO ; kvibf IS USED TO CONTROL VIBRATO FREQUENCY, A NATURAL VIBRATYO FREQUENCY IS ABOUT 5 HZ ;ifn - A FUNCTION TABLE WAVEFORM MUST BE GIVEN TO DEFINE THE SHAPE OF THE VIBRATO, ; -THIS SHOULD NORMALLY BE A SINE WAVE. ;THE OPCODE OFFERS 1 FURTHER *OPTIONAL* PARAMETER: ;iminfreq - A MINIMUM FREQUENCY SETTING GIVEN TO THE ALGORITHM ; - TYPICALLY THIS IS SET TO A VALUE BELOW THE FREQUENCY SETTING GIVEN BY kfreq (IF OMITTED IT DEFAULTS TO 50HZ) ; - IF kfreq GOES BELOW iminfreq THE SETTING FOR kfreq NO LONGER REFLECTS THE PITCH THAT IS ACTUALLY HEARD. -odevaudio -M0 -+rtmidi=virtual -b400 ;VIRTUAL MIDI DEVICE sr = 44100 ;SAMPLE RATE ksmps = 100 ;NUMBER OF AUDIO SAMPLES IN EACH CONTROL CYCLE nchnls = 2 ;NUMBER OF CHANNELS (2=STEREO) 0dbfs = 1 ;MAXIMUM AMPLITUDE = 1, REGARDLESS OF BIT DEPTH ;FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; FLcolor 255, 255, 255, 0, 0, 0 ; LABEL | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y FLpanel "wgbow", 500, 400, 0 0 ;BUTTONS ON | OFF | TYPE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y | OPCODE | INS | STARTTIM | DUR gkOnOff,ihOnOff FLbutton "Bow / Off (MIDI)", 1, 0, 22, 200, 25, 5, 5, 0, 2, 0, -1 FLsetColor2 255, 255, 50, ihOnOff ;SET SECONDARY COLOUR TO YELLOW ;VALUE DISPLAY BOXES LABEL | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y idamp FLvalue " ", 100, 18, 5, 75 idfreq FLvalue " ", 100, 18, 5, 125 idpres FLvalue " ", 100, 18, 5, 175 idrat FLvalue " ", 100, 18, 5, 225 idvibf FLvalue " ", 100, 18, 5, 275 idvibamp FLvalue " ", 100, 18, 5, 325 idminfreq FLvalue " ", 100, 18, 5, 375 ;SLIDERS MIN | MAX | EXP | TYPE | DISP | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y gkamp, ihamp FLslider "Amplitude", 0, 1, 0, 23, idamp, 490, 25, 5, 50 gkfreq, ihfreq FLslider "Frequency", 20, 4000, -1, 23, idfreq, 490, 25, 5, 100 gkpres, ihpres FLslider "Bow Pressure", 0.01, 90, -1, 23, idpres, 490, 25, 5, 150 gkrat, ihrat FLslider "Bow Position", .006, .988, 0, 23, idrat, 490, 25, 5, 200 gkvibf,ihvibf FLslider "Vibrato Frequency", 0, 30, 0, 23, idvibf, 490, 25, 5, 250 gkvibamp,ihvibamp FLslider "Vibrato Amplitude", 0, .1, 0, 23, idvibamp, 490, 25, 5, 300 gkminfreq,ihminfreq FLslider "Minimum Frequency (i-rate and optional)", 20, 20000, -1, 23, idminfreq, 490, 25, 5, 350 ;SET INITIAL VALUES FOR SLIDERS FLsetVal_i 0.3, ihamp FLsetVal_i 170, ihfreq FLsetVal_i 3, ihpres FLsetVal_i .127236,ihrat FLsetVal_i 4.5, ihvibf FLsetVal_i .008, ihvibamp FLsetVal_i 20, ihminfreq FLpanel_end ;INSTRUCTIONS AND INFO PANEL FLpanel " ", 500, 560, 512, 0 ;TEXT BOXES TYPE | FONT | SIZE | WIDTH | HEIGHT | X | Y ih FLbox " wgbow ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 0 ih FLbox "-------------------------------------------------------------", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 20 ih FLbox "wgbow is a wave guide physical model of a bowed string based ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 40 ih FLbox "on work by Perry Cook but re-coded for Csound by John ffitch.", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 60 ih FLbox "Bow pressure represents the downward pressure of the bow upon", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 80 ih FLbox "the string and should be a value between 1 and 5. The author ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 100 ih FLbox "suggests a value of about 3 to represent normal bow pressure.", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 120 ih FLbox "Bow position represents the position of the bow along the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 140 ih FLbox "length of the string. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 160 ih FLbox "Bow position represents the position of the bow along the ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 160 ih FLbox "length of the string. The opcode author suggests that we ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 180 ih FLbox "choose values within the range .025 to 0.23. He also suggests", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 200 ih FLbox "that a value of .127236 reflects a normal bowing position. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 220 ih FLbox "String effects such as 'sul ponticello' (at the bridge) and ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 240 ih FLbox "'flautando' (over the neck) can be imitated using this ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 260 ih FLbox "parameter. A value of .025 reflects a 'sul ponticello' style ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 280 ih FLbox "of playing and produces a thinner tone. A value of .23 ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 300 ih FLbox "reflects a 'flautando' style of playing and produces a flute-", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 320 ih FLbox "-like tone. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 340 ih FLbox "Vibrato is implemented within the opcode and does not need to", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 360 ih FLbox "be applied separately to the frequency parameter. Vibrato is ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 380 ih FLbox "implemented so that it only takes effect after a short time ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 400 ih FLbox "delay. This time delay is retriggered if bow position is ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 420 ih FLbox "changed during note performance. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 440 ih FLbox "Minimum frequency (optional) defines the lowest frequency at ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 460 ih FLbox "which the model will play. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 480 ih FLbox "This example can also be triggered via MIDI. MIDI note ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 500 ih FLbox "number, velocity and pitch bend are interpreted ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 520 ih FLbox "appropriately. ", 1, 5, 14, 490, 15, 5, 540 FLpanel_end FLrun ;RUN THE FLTK WIDGET THREAD ;END OF FLTK INTERFACE CODE;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; gisine ftgen 0, 0, 4096, 10, 1 ;SINE WAVE (USED FOR VIBRATO) instr 1 ;MIDI ACTIVATED INSTRUMENT if gkOnOff=1 then ; SENSE FLTK ON/OFF SWITCH turnoff ;TURNOFF THIS INSTRUMENT IMMEDIATELY endif ioct octmidi ;READ NOTE VALUES FROM MIDI INPUT IN THE 'OCT' FORMAT iamp ampmidi 1 ;AMPLITUDE IS READ FROM INCOMING MIDI NOTE ;kpres aftouch 1, 5 ;AFTERTOUCH CONTROL OF BOW PRESSURE ;kpres ctrl7 1, 1, 1, 5 ;MOD. WHEEL CONTROL OF BOW PRESSURE kpres = gkpres ;PITCH BEND INFORMATION IS READ iSemitoneBendRange = 2 ;PITCH BEND RANGE IN SEMITONES (WILL BE DEFINED FURTHER LATER) - SUGGESTION - THIS COULD BE CONTROLLED BY AN FLTK COUNTER imin = 0 ;EQUILIBRIUM POSITION imax = iSemitoneBendRange * .0833333 ;MAX PITCH DISPLACEMENT (IN oct FORMAT) kbend pchbend imin, imax ;PITCH BEND VARIABLE (IN oct FORMAT) kfreq = cpsoct(ioct+ kbend) aenv linsegr 1,3600,1,0.01,0 ;ANTI-CLICK ENVELOPE abow wgbow gkamp*iamp, kfreq, kpres, gkrat, gkvibf, gkvibamp, gisine, i(gkminfreq) outs abow * aenv, abow * aenv ;SEND AUDIO TO OUTPUTS endin instr 2 ;FLTK TRIGGERED INSTRUMENT if gkOnOff=0 then ; SENSE FLTK ON/OFF SWITCH turnoff ;TURNOFF THIS INSTRUMENT IMMEDIATELY endif kSwitch changed gkminfreq ;GENERATE A MOMENTARY '1' PULSE IN OUTPUT 'kSwitch' IF ANY OF THE SCANNED INPUT VARIABLES CHANGE. (OUTPUT 'kSwitch' IS NORMALLY ZERO) if kSwitch=1 then reinit START endif iporttime = 0.01 kporttime linseg 0,0.01,iporttime,1,iporttime krat portk gkrat, kporttime kpres portk gkpres, kporttime kfreq portk gkfreq, kporttime START: abow wgbow gkamp, kfreq, kpres, krat, gkvibf, gkvibamp, gisine, i(gkminfreq) rireturn outs abow, abow endin f 0 3600 ;DUMMY SCORE EVENT SUSTAINS REALTIME PERFORMANCE FOR 1 HOUR